Research

            In order to fully understand the background of ROV design for a fully functioning ROV that is to perform a checklist of tasks in a chlorinated, fresh water pool for the 2011 MATES ROV Competition, some research needs to be completed.

ROV:

A Remotely Operated Underwater Vehicle (ROV) is fundamentally an underwater robot that is controlled by an operator that is independent of the vehicle, from the surface that allows the operator to remain out of harm’s way while the ROV works in the hazardous environment below. The total ROV system is comprised of the vehicle, control, umbilical cord (tether), and power supplies. Basic features on an ROV include: thrusters, cameras, various sensors and/or tools. ROVs can vary in size depending on the work, from small vehicles for simple observation up to complex work systems, which can have several manipulators, cameras, tools, and other equipment.  

AUV:

An Autonomous Underwater Vehicle is a computer-controlled system that operates underwater. They lack any connection to the operator, considering that they are self-guiding and self-powered, unlike an ROV, which is tethered. Since the inception of the first AUV, they have advanced greatly. From simple movement similar to a torpedo, AUVs are now capable of gliding from the sea surface to ocean depths, and back. Others can stop, hover, and move like blimps or helicopters do through the air. And resembling the functions of ROVs, AUVs can be inserted in a multitude of environments, ranging from intertidal waters to the ocean floor. All of these functions can be focused for some tasks. Today, many AUVs are being utilized by the Navy for mine hunting. They are also finding usage in ocean research.

UAV:

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles are remotely operated airplanes that are used in place of sending humans into air for reasons that include: danger, dullness, or dirtiness. Many UAVs are used in military application for reconnaissance or attacks. Controlled from half-way across the country, pilots are able to control the plane in a safe cubicle, away from the warzone. Using bandwidth to exchange data, the pilot is able to send direct and immediate controls to the plane, usually with just a 2 second time delay.

Design:

The ROV system is a highly interrelated group of subsystems that, when functioning together, provides an impressive subsea capability. With many unique designs, there are many things to consider when constructing a functioning ROV, due to its environment, which introduces inherent factors that dictate the operation of the ROV. Because of this highly interdependent relationship, ROV system performance is a delicate balance of design and operational characteristic tradeoffs. The general subsystems of an ROV include: vehicle, tools and sensors, control/display console, electrical power distribution, umbilical and tether cords, and handling system. Thus with all these subsystems, it is understandable to see a small change be magnified across the whole ROV system.